Kitchen waste is a kind of solid waste, specifically organic waste in domestic waste, also known as perishable waste. Promoting the construction of a "waste free city" and the proper disposal of food waste will face many problems, which will require a lot of funds, technology and supporting policies. Under the existing management mode, the government needs to bear higher waste disposal costs, increasing the financial burden. at present Food waste treatment It mainly faces the following three problems:

1、 Capital level

Food waste disposal fees are mainly subsidized by financial funds, and only a small part of the funds come from the garbage disposal fees paid by residents and units. In recent years, the income from waste treatment fees is not enough to pay for the expenses. The difference is large, and the financial pressure is huge. The cost pressure of domestic waste treatment has become an unavoidable problem.

Countermeasures: expand the source of funds and reasonably share the disposal cost

1. Maintain the current level of financial subsidies and reduce subsidy standards in due course;

2. Explore ways to bear the costs of governments, residents, enterprises, social organizations and other parties;

3. Improve the charging system for domestic waste treatment and establish a fine step metering charging mechanism.

2、 Technical level

Anaerobic digestion can convert food waste into biogas as fuel, and the output has great economic value, but the investment is large and the operation cost is high. The residual biogas residue after anaerobic fermentation still needs to find a way for resource utilization; Aerobic digestion compost is usually mixed with impurities with high oil and salt content. How to pretreat food waste by degreasing and reducing salt to improve fermentation efficiency is an urgent problem. Compared with aerobic composting, the integrated fermentation treatment of perishable waste has higher efficiency, less impact on the secondary pollution of the surrounding environment, but higher operation and maintenance costs. The rotten fermentation process is required. Insect breeding makes perishable waste harmless and rich in resources, and cultivated insects can also be processed into animal feed. However, high requirements, low automation and other issues limit the scale of insect breeding. Insect protein is used as livestock feed. Security issues also require special attention. Sunshine composting house is a resource method that has been applied in practice in recent years. Investment, operation and maintenance costs are low and easy to manage. It is very popular in some rural areas. However, due to design problems, the material in the sunlight composting room is low in decay and smells bad. Large volume, high impurity content, further iteration and upgrading are required.

Countermeasures: optimize the technical route and explore efficient disposal methods

1. Promote the refinement of waste classification, increase technical innovation and equipment application, and improve Food waste treatment equipment Comprehensive performance;

2. Prevent secondary pollution of perishable waste and reduce the impact of the whole life cycle of perishable waste treatment on the environment;

3. Improve the efficiency of existing disposal methods, and promote technology iteration while expanding the scale;

4. Plan a variety of product disposal methods, and explore new products such as biomass fuel and sewage treatment carbon source.

3、 Management level

The management measures and policy documents issued by cities still have problems such as the charging standards can not reflect the cost of perishable waste treatment, the documents are not updated in time, and the actual implementation is incomplete. The survey also found that some cities have not yet implemented the requirements of the reform of the domestic waste charging system. Local departments at all levels need to formulate and improve charging policies, implement rectification measures in a timely manner, establish a diversified cost sharing mechanism, and effectively cover the cost of waste treatment.

Countermeasures: management: strengthen top-level design and improve supporting management policies

1. The company suggests to improve the system construction, and improve the management methods and systems related to perishable waste;

2. Manage according to local conditions, promote and apply appropriate management models and disposal technologies;

3. Strengthen publicity and education to realize scientific and democratic decision-making.